When to use a semicolon

to separate two independent clauses that are not joined by a conjunction

For example:
The participants in the first study were paid; those in the second were unpaid.

to separate elements in a series that already contain commas

For example:
The color order was red, yellow, blue; blue, yellow, red; or yellow, red, blue.

(Davis & Hueter, 1994; Pettigrew, 1993)

main effects of age, F(1, 76) = 7.86, p <.01, d = .09 (MSE = .019); condition, F(1,76) = 4.11, p = .05, d = .06; and the Age x Condition interaction, F(1, 76) = 4.96, p = .03, d = .07

(adapted from the fifth edition of APA's Publication Manual, © 2001)

Removing Bias in Language
Disabilities
Race & Ethnicity
Sexuality

Electronic Media
Electronic Media and URLs
Electronic Media Spelling Guide

Authorship Aids
Ethics of Publication
Determining Authorship: Students

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